有人能提供一篇关于大学生信用卡风险防范的英文文章吗？急用，万分感谢，最好中英文都有
google 阿，关键词 credit card，college，risk control
我找了两篇比较好的，你看看
http://myvesta.org/news/releases/052302PRMoneyAbuse2.html
http://www.ericdigests.org/2003-2/credit.html
College-Age Adults At Risk For Money Abuse
Myvesta survey finds men and women show high levels, but in different behaviors
For Immediate Release: May 23, 2002
ROCKVILLE, Md. — College-age adults show more signs of money abuse than any other age group, according to survey data released by Myvesta, a financial crisis and treatment center. Adults, age 18 to 24, score higher than any other age group in five of nine negative money behaviors that Myvesta uses to determine the level of a person's money abuse.
In addition, the survey shows that men and women across all age groups have similarly high levels of money abuse, but through different behaviors. Women are more likely to shop to relieve stress, while men are more likely to make purchases to impress others.
The findings are from a demographic analysis of Myvesta's March 2002 Money Abuse Survey, which found that 25.5 percent, or 53 million, of all Americans are potential money abusers. Myvesta used an independent research firm to conduct the survey of 1,000 random, U.S. adults from Feb. 1 through 13, 2002.
According to the survey, almost two-thirds of adults, age 18 to 24, say shopping gives them a mood change. Nearly one quarter use shopping to escape problems and relieve stress.
"College-age adults respond higher than any other age group to the money behaviors," said Myvesta President Steve Rhode. "Negative money behaviors are warning signs of underlying issues. Young adults need to take personal responsibility for their financial lives or they'll be set up for a lifetime of money abuse."
The most common solution recommended for college student debt has been clamping down on credit. "That's like closing pizza parlors near campus because some students are overweight," Rhode said. "Banning credit cards on college campuses or limiting access to credit in other ways will not curb debt because access isn't the issue driving debt for this age group. Debt is the result of unconscious money abuse, not too much access." Myvesta's 2001 Credit Card Debt Survey study found that the average 18- to 24-year-old has one credit card with a balance of $959. Two-thirds of people in that age group have no credit card debt.
The nine money behaviors Myvesta uses to identify money abuse, with the percentage of young adults who agree with the statements, are:
How 18 to 24 year-olds Ranked Against Other Age Groups in Negative Money Behaviors
Negative Money Behaviors
Percent of college-age adults who agreed with this statement
Rank: How this age group scored in relation to other age groups
Experiencing a mood change (high or low) just before or after a shopping event
64.8%
1st
Repeated, unsuccessful attempts to control, cut back or stop excessive money use
50.8%
4th
Spending money as a way to escape problems or relieve stress
24.5%
1st
Feeling alone and spending money to feel better or improve self-esteem
18.6%
2nd
Lying, minimizing or rationalizing to conceal spending
18.5%
1st
Preoccupied with buying things to impress or influence others
15.7%
1st
Losing out on opportunities such as a significant relationship, job promotion, or educational or career opportunities because of money consumption
10.1%
1st
Carrying excessive debt as the result of the inability to stop spending money
7.5%
2nd
Spending money on or with others in order to maintain relationships
6.7%
4th
The Money Abuse Survey found that men and women have similarly high levels of money abuse. Both genders (women 54.3 percent; men 49.1 percent) report that they have repeatedly tried to control excessive money use. Both genders (women 43.2 percent; men 37.3 percent) report experiencing a high or low mood change from shopping.
"People assume that money abuse is a problem for women, but men have negative money behaviors, too," Rhode said. Nine percent of men say they are preoccupied with buying things to impress others, while only 4.5 percent of women agree with that statement. One in ten men admit to lying, minimizing or rationalizing to conceal their spending, and 14.5 percent of men spend money as a way to escape problems.
"Money abuse can be trouble for any one, at any age," Rhode said. "It is important to recognize the signs of trouble before the problems get worse and cause bankruptcy or financial ruin." According to Myvesta, people who agree with two or more of the money behavior statements are likely to be a money abuser. The Money Abuse Survey found that 25.5 percent, or 53 million, of all American adults agree with two or more of the statements.
"Many people assume that it's normal to be unable to control their money," Rhode added. "It's not. Money abuse is the inability to control excessive debt or spending. It is a recurrent, often unconscious, use of money to overcome underlying issues."
Click below for the full results of the Money Abuse Survey - Parts One and Two.
后面竟然还有part two,真详细
哪位高人能提供一篇关于信用卡的中英文对照文章
PAYMENT FORM FOR CREDIT CARD
为支付会议费用，我愿意用以下信用卡支付：□ Visa信用卡 □ 美国运通卡 □ 万事达卡（信用卡用人民币支付并且将在卡中扣除4%的手续费）
I would like to make the payment for the conference by □ Visa □ American Express □ Master Card （payment by Credit Cards will be charged in RMB and 4% service fee more will be charged by banks from your card）
信用卡号码： 有效期限：
信用卡用户名：
Credit Card No.： Expiry Date：
Name on Card：
我同意从我信用卡中向CAS的国际科学交流中心支付[ ]美元，并由中国银行附加4%的手续费。我已经随信寄出我信用卡双面的清晰复印件。
I consent to the Center for International Scientific Exchanges， CAS debiting my credit card account with the amount of US$ [ ] and the Bank of China is to charge 4% service fee in addition to this amount. I have also sent a clear copy of both sides of the credit card to you along with this form.
签名： [ ] （应和信用卡上名字一致）
Signature： [ ] （should be the same with that on the card）
日期：
Date
注：
以上是由[ ]博士支付Note：
The payment above is made for Dr. [ ]
通讯地址：[ ]女士
国际科学交流中心，CAS
ICEC20秘书处
中国北京三立和路52号，邮编：100864
电话：[ ]；
传真：[ ]
电子邮件：[ ] Correspondence：
Ms. [ ] Center for International Scientific Exchanges， CAS
Secretariat of ICEC20 52
Sanlihe Rd.， Beijing 100864， China
Tel： [ ]；
Fax： [ ]
Email： [ ]
求一份关于“中国信用卡业务风险与防范”的中英文双语对照文章
信用卡产业是传统金融业务与现代信息技术有机结合的新兴产业,在国际上已经发展成为一个庞大的产业体系,并且保持着较高的增长速度。真正意义上的国际标准信用卡自2003年在内地获得了快速发展,发卡量从2003年初的100多万张猛增至2003年底的400万张。目前,我国信用卡发卡量已突破2000万张,发展势头良好。信用卡的消费信贷功能在解决持卡人临时资金短缺、提高即时购买力、满足大众消费信贷需要等方面有着得天独厚的优势。近几年来,内地信用卡业务的外部发展环境逐渐完善,“金卡”、“金网”工程建设加快,银行卡商户受理范围逐步扩大,政府相继出台扶持内地银行卡产业的相关政策,并加大了对信用卡犯罪的打击力度,人民银行牵头启动的个人征信体系也已逐步投入使用。发展信用卡产业有利于调整和改善银行资产结构。信用卡业务是国外大型商业银行的主要盈利来源之一,净资产回报率普遍高出传统信贷业务一倍以上,获利空间巨大。因此,内地商业银行应大力发展信用卡业务。相对于传统银行业务,信用卡业务具有高成长、高盈利、客户群体庞大、发展前景广阔的特点。
The credit card industry is the traditional financial services and modern IT organic combination of emerging industries in the international community has developed into a large industrial system, and maintained a high growth rate. In the Mainland since 2003, the international standard credit card in the true sense of the rapid development of card volume jumped from more than 100 million in early 2003 to the end of 2003, 4 million. At present, the amount of credit card issuer in China has exceeded 20 million, a good momentum of development. Credit card consumer credit function has a unique advantage to solve the cardholder temporary shortage of funds to improve the immediate purchasing power to meet the credit needs of mass consumption. In recent years, the external environment for the development of the credit card business in the Mainland is the gradual improvement of the "Gold Card", "Golden Web" project to speed up gradually expand the scope of bank card merchant acceptance, the Government have been introduced to support the relevant policies of the bank card industry in the Mainland, and add great efforts to crack down on credit card crime, the lead started by the people's Bank personal credit information system has been gradually put into use. Development of the credit card industry has to adjust and improve the structure of bank assets. Credit card business is the main source of profit for foreign large commercial banks, the net return on assets is generally higher than traditional credit business more than doubled, huge profit margins. Therefore, the Mainland commercial banks should vigorously develop the credit card business. As opposed to traditional banking services, credit card business with high growth, high profitability, a large customer base and broad development prospects.
求以“大学生与征信”的征文 内容不限 字数 2500~3000
不会
急求一篇关于大学生与征信的文章(1500字到3000字的)，谢谢了
写作思路：根据题目要求，可以从征信体系的介绍作为开头，之后描写大学生与征信体系之间的关系，在当前时代，需要了解的相关内容，最后总结身为大学生，可以为征信体系做些什么，正文： 大学生是青年群体的佼佼者，大学生的信用记录不仅关系着个人利益，更关系着全民的道德水准和文明素质。国家能否为世界认可，能否立足于世界与我们当代大学生道德素质紧密相关。 国家为了保证每一个大学生顺利完成学业，向我们提供了诸多金融服务:助学贷款、信用卡等。如此多的照顾政策为我们的生活提供了保障。但是，正如屡见不鲜的考试作弊、求职简历注水一般，拖欠偿还助学贷款的现象也是频繁出现。中国人民银行总行长曾痛心疾首地表示，他们怀着一颗炙热的心送出他们的帮助，可是现实却令人心寒，直至2004年拖欠国家贷款的比例还一直徘徊在20%--40%。 这样的数据令我们深省，大学生的诚信问题愈来愈严重，怎样才能改变现状? 当然，完善大学生诚信教育体制十分重要，但是，解决诚信问题迫在眉睫，完善诚信教育体制耗时耗力。所以当前，建立大学生诚信档案，进行大学生征信显得尤为重要。征信是督促大学生提高诚信意识，解决诚信问题最快捷的方法。
大学生与征信 征文 字数3500~3000
我与征信
“征信”一词开始对我还是很陌生的。然而，和各种商业银行的接触多了，渐渐的也就对“征信”有了一定的了解。开始关注中国的征信体系了。
虽然，中国的征信体系起步比较晚，但是早在中国古代就流行着季布一诺千金、曹操割发代首的信用故事。可见，中国的信用历史还是比较的悠久。
所谓的征信，就是专业化的、独立的第三方机构为个人建立信用档案，依法采集、客观记录其信用信息，并依法对外提供信用信息服务的一种活动，它为专业化的授信机构提供了一个信用信息共享的平台。
建立这种体系的好处有：
第一，节省时间
银行需要了解的很多信息都在我们的信用报告里了，所以就不用再花那么多时间去调查核实我们的在借款申请表上填报信息的真实性了。所以，征信的第一个好处就是给我们自己节省时间，帮我们更快速地获得借款。为自己带来实质性的实惠和方便，只是安全规避各种呆账、坏账的前提条件。
第二、借款便利
俗话说好借好还，再借不难。如果我们的信用报告反映自己是一个按时还款、认真履约的人，银行肯定喜欢我们的，不但能提供贷款、信用卡等信贷服务，还可能在金额、利率上给予优惠。比如房贷，我曾经开见过一个报道，就是说的一对夫妇，因为自己的信用记录保持得很好，当他们准备向建设银行贷款买房时，当时银行给予了利息七折的优惠，无形之中就减少了几万元的利息。要是没有银行建立的客户电子信用体系，相信是不会有这么大的优惠的了。从这故事可以看出，银行建立的这个体系，最后受益的还是我们自己。
第三、信用提醒
如果信用报告中记载借款人曾经借钱不还，银行在考虑是否给借款人提供贷款时必然要慎重对待。银行极有可能让借款人提供抵押、担保，或降低贷款额度，或提高贷款利率，或者拒绝给借款人贷款。如果信用报告中反映了借款人已经借了很多钱，银行也会很慎重，担心您负债过多难以承担，可能会拒绝再给您提供贷款。由此提醒您珍惜自己的信用记录，自觉积累自己的信用财富。
第四、公平信贷
征信对我们还有一大好处是，帮助我们获得更公平的信贷机会。征信中心提供给银行的是我们信用历史的客观记录，让事实说话，减少了信贷员的主观感受个人情绪等因素对我们贷款信用卡申请结果的影响，让我们大家都能够得到更公平的信贷机会。
随着我国的法制建设逐步走向成熟，各种法律法规随着社会发展和经济建设需要应运而生，但征信立法工作仍然滞后，2009年10月2日《征信管理条例》的出台将填补中国征信立法的空白，而且对于推动中国征信业健康发展具有重要意义。有网民提出，《征信管理条例》一旦立法通过，其内容和规定就可成为法院判决的法律依据，这表明我国征信立法进入了快车道。
我国征信法律制度建设已有时日，但距离建立统一的征信法律体系仍任重道远。现有的征信规定多为规章、地方法规，呈部门、地区分割之势，与市场经济对统一市场的内在要求相悖，加之现有的规定本身也不乏需要完善之处，所以，在着眼尽快制定统一的征信法律或行政法规长期目标下，此次《征信管理条例》公开征求意见，对推动整个中国的信用进步，乃至中国经济长远的发展，在理论和实践上都有着十分重要的意义。对于尚不成熟的中国征信行业而言，加快立法进程，加强对征信业的有效管理，是确保征信业和市场经济又好又快发展的必然要求。
通过立法要求各商业银行及其他信用信息提供者在向征信机构报告企业或个人的不良信用信息时，应提前通知企业或个人，以保证征信信息的准确性。这一方面有利于提高征信程序的合法性，另一方面也对减少事后社会成本，包括诉讼成本，不无裨益。银行作为经营者应该承担起更多的提醒信用风险的社会责任，在将不良记录提供给征信系统前，应该建立善意确认制度，以书面形式及时告知当事人，给当事人提供异议和申辩的机会与渠道。
因此在个人征信方面，按照党中央、国务院的指示，中国人民银行组织各个商业银行建设的全国统一的个人信用信息基础数据库已经于 2004年12月中旬在北京、重庆、深圳、西安、南宁、绵阳、湖州等七城市试运行，并计划于2005年底实行全国联网运行。建立个人信用信息数据库不仅可以帮助个人积累信誉财富，方便个人借款，同时也有助于商业银行控制信用风险，并服务中央银行的货币政策和监管当局的金融监管。
征信与我们的利益
一、征信关系我们的切身利益
个人征信是征信机构依法采集、调查、保存、整理并提供个人信用信息的活动，简单地说，就是以信用报告的形式提供个人信用记录。
（一）信用记录——我们以后的第二身份证
就算现在现在离开身份证我们都会觉得寸步难行，而在欧美等征信业发达的国家，没有另一张“身份证”同样也会觉得举步维艰，这个“身份证”就是个人的“信用记录”。
首先，关于我们生活中的一些大事情，离不开信用报告，例如买房、买车、找工作，办信用卡、租房、买保险，“我能看您的信用报告吗？”往往是您提出要求后，银行、雇主、房东和保险公司向您必问的问题之一。
其次，信用记录的好坏决定我们是否能办成我们想办的事，以及花多大的成本办成我们想办的事。
例如，假设当我们要申请一笔银行贷款。不难想象，如果我们的信用报告中的记录表明自己是一个按时还款、认真履约的人，那么好借好还，再借不难，银行不但能给我们贷款让我们买房买车，还能给您较低的利率。因此，良好的信用记录，这将是我们自己终身的财富。
相反，如果我们的信用记录表明您拖欠以前的借款不还，或者是虽然还了但每次还款的时间都晚于银行要求的时间，银行可能就会据此判断您可能是一个不太认真履约的人，是一个信用风险较大的人。当然，这并不意味着银行就肯定不给我们贷款，但它可能会要求我们提供第三方担保，或者要求您提供实物抵押，还会要求您支付较高的利率，如果这些仍然不能让银行相信它能收回贷款的话，它也可能就拒绝给您贷款了。因此，信用记录不好，会大大减少您得到银行贷款的机会，并提高我们的借款成本。再进一步讲，信用记录不好，会影响您提高生活质量或进一步发展的机会。
所以，发达国家通常流传着这样的话：“要像珍惜自己的生命一样维护个人的信用记录”。
关于未来中国征信体系的发展。在中国人民银行将按照党的十六届三中全会确立的“完善法规、特许经营、商业运作、专业服务”原则，加快建设企业和个人信用服务体系，逐步形成以道德为支撑、产权为基础、法律为保障的社会信用制度。增强全社会的信用意识，提高全社会的诚信水平。加快进行以下几方面的工作：一是加快征信法规建设，二是加快全国统一的企业和个人信用信息基础数据库的建设，三是积极发展专业化的社会征信机构，逐步开放征信服务市场，四是加强征信市场监督管理，五是抓紧制定信用服务行业标准，推动信息共享。
改革开放三十年来，我国的各项工作稳步前进，国家日益富强，这也使得我国有了建立健全的征信体系的前提。有了健全的征信体系，这又是一个利国利民的举措，体现中国共产党为民着想，为民办事的宗旨，符合了马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想邓小平理论、三个代表重要思想以及科学发展观的要求。我坚信，在中国共产党的有力领导下，我国的征信的体系一定会取得更加辉煌的成果。 |
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